Levy model of cancer
نویسنده
چکیده
Along an individual lifetime, stem cells replicate and suffer modifications in their DNA content. I model the modifications in the DNA of a single cell as a Levy flight, made up of small amplitude Brownian motions plus rare large-jumps events. The distribution function of mutations has a long tail, in which cancer events are located far away. The probability of cancer in a given tissue is roughly estimated as aNcellNstep, where Ncell is the number of stem cells, and Nstep – the number of replication steps in the evolution of a single cell. I test this expression against recent data on lifetime cancer risk, Ncell and Nstep in different tissues. The coefficient a takes values between 2 × 10−15 and 2 × 10−11, depending on the role played by carcinogenic factors and the immune response. The smallest values of a correspond to cancers in which randomness plays the major role.
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